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NY Regents 10.6: Cold War

Cold War, Korean and Vietnam Wars, Cuban Missile Crisis, Berlin Wall (1945–1991). Aligned to NY Global II, Key Idea 10.6.
10thCold WarProxy WarsContainment
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Potsdam Conference
Potsdam, Germany

The meeting took place in Potsdam, a city just southwest of Berlin in what is now Germany, sitting on the flat North European Plain between the Elbe and Oder rivers — the same low corridor that has…

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Soviet Occupation of Eastern Europe
Warsaw, Poland

This event is anchored in Warsaw, the capital of Poland — a city sitting squarely on the flat North European Plain, bounded to the north by the Baltic Sea and to the south by the arc of the…

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Yalta Conference
Yalta, Soviet Union

This meeting took place in Yalta, a resort city on the Crimean Peninsula, where the Black Sea's northern shore curves beneath the Crimean Mountains — exactly the southern edge of the vast Eurasian…

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Truman Doctrine — Containment of Communism
Washington DC, United States

On March 12 1947 President Harry Truman addressed Congress requesting military and economic aid for Greece and Turkey, both threatened by communist movements. He articulated what became known as the…

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Marshall Plan
Washington, D.C., United States

Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, sits on the eastern seaboard of North America — on the Potomac River's banks, between the Appalachian Mountains to the west and the Atlantic coast…

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Berlin Blockade and Airlift
Berlin, Germany

This is Berlin, the capital of Germany, sitting on the flat North European Plain roughly halfway between the Rhine River to the west and the Polish border to the east. Beginning in June 1948, the…

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Soviet Testing of First Atomic Bomb (RDS-1)
Semipalatinsk, Soviet Union

The site was the Semipalatinsk Test Site in northeastern Kazakhstan — deep in the Eurasian steppe, east of the Urals and north of the Tian Shan mountains, exactly as the clues described. In August…

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Formation of NATO
Washington, D.C., United States

Washington, D.C., on the eastern seaboard of the United States — sitting between the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay lowlands, exactly where the title clue pointed — was where the North Atlantic…

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Ivy Mike — First U.S. Hydrogen Bomb Test
Enewetak Atoll, Marshall Islands

Enewetak Atoll, in the Marshall Islands of the central Pacific Ocean, was the site of the world's first full-scale thermonuclear bomb test on November 1, 1952. The device, codenamed Ivy Mike, was…

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Soviet Joe-4 Hydrogen Bomb Test
Semipalatinsk, Soviet Union

Semipalatinsk, in the Soviet Union's Kazakh steppe — a vast flat grassland east of the Ural Mountains that mark the dividing line between Europe and Asia — was the site of the Soviet Union's most…

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Warsaw Pact Founded
Warsaw, Poland

In May 1955, representatives of the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics convened in Warsaw, Poland, to sign the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance…

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Vietnam War
Vietnam, Vietnam

This conflict unfolded across Vietnam, a long, S-shaped country on the eastern edge of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia — flanked by the South China Sea to the east and sharing borders with…

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Warsaw Pact Established
Warsaw, Poland

Warsaw, the capital of Poland, sits on the Vistula River in the heart of the North European Plain — exactly the flat, open corridor between the Baltic Sea to the north and the Carpathian Mountains…

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Egyptian Nationalization of the Suez Canal
Alexandria, Egypt

This is Alexandria, Egypt — on the Mediterranean's southern edge where northeastern Africa faces Europe across a narrow sea, at the northern mouth of the canal that cuts through the isthmus…

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Khrushchev's Secret Speech
Moscow, Soviet Union

This speech was delivered in Moscow, the Soviet Union's capital, sitting at the heart of the immense East European Plain — a flat, open expanse stretching from the Baltic coast westward to the Ural…

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Sputnik Launch
Baikonur, Soviet Union

The launch site is Baikonur Cosmodrome, located in what is now Kazakhstan — a vast, flat, semi-arid steppe basin lying between the Caspian Sea to the west and the former Aral Sea to the east, deep in…

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Kitchen Debate — Nixon and Khrushchev in Moscow
Moscow, Soviet Union

Moscow, deep in the Soviet Union's interior, sits on the vast East European Plain — the same broad lowland that stretches westward past the Baltic Sea and ends only at the Ural Mountains to the east…

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Berlin Crisis and Construction of the Berlin Wall
Berlin, East Germany

This event unfolded in Berlin, the historic capital sitting on the North European Plain in what was then divided Germany — a country flanked by the Rhine to the west and the Oder River marking its…

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Bay of Pigs Invasion
Bay of Pigs, Cuba

The Bay of Pigs sits on the southern coast of Cuba — the largest island in the Caribbean, lying roughly 150 kilometres south of Florida across the Straits of Florida. In April 1961, around 1,500…

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Assassination of Rafael Trujillo
Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

This event unfolded in the Dominican Republic, which occupies the eastern two-thirds of Hispaniola — a large Caribbean island lying between Cuba to the west and Puerto Rico to the east, bathed by the…

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US Military-Industrial Complex Warning (Eisenhower Farewell Address)
Washington, D.C., United States

Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, sits on the eastern seaboard of North America, wedged between the states of Maryland and Virginia along the Potomac River — exactly the…

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Cuban Missile Crisis
Havana, Cuba

This was Havana, Cuba — the island nation sitting in the Caribbean Sea just 90 miles south of the Florida peninsula, exactly where those reconnaissance flights detected the missiles. In 1962, U.S…

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Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Signed
Moscow, Soviet Union

Moscow, the capital of Russia (then the Soviet Union), sits on the East European Plain roughly 900 kilometres east of the Baltic Sea, deep inside the largest country on Earth by land area. In 1963…

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Battle of Ia Drang
Ia Drang Valley, Vietnam

The Ia Drang Valley sits in the central highlands of Vietnam, a rugged interior region of the Indochina peninsula rising well above the narrow coastal plain that faces the South China Sea. In…

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Tet Offensive
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

This is Ho Chi Minh City — known as Saigon at the time — in Vietnam, the long, narrow country hugging the eastern edge of the Indochinese Peninsula along the South China Sea, exactly where the Mekong…

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Cambodian Campaign
Phnom Penh, Cambodia

The Cambodian campaign was a series of military operations conducted in eastern Cambodia in mid-1970 by South Vietnam and the United States, undertaken as an expansion of the Vietnam War and the…

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Nixon's Visit to China
Beijing, China

Beijing, the capital of the People's Republic of China, sits on the North China Plain — exactly that broad lowland stretching between the Gobi Desert to the north and the Himalayan plateau to the…

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SALT I
Moscow, Soviet Union

Moscow, Russia — a capital set deep on the East European Plain, just west of the Ural Mountains, the ancient ridge dividing Europe from Asia. In May 1972, the United States and Soviet Union signed…

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Fall of Saigon
Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

This is Ho Chi Minh City — formerly Saigon — in southern Vietnam, sitting in the Mekong River delta where that long, narrow Southeast Asian peninsula tapers toward its southern tip between the Gulf…

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Iranian Revolution — Overthrow of the Shah
Tehran, Iran

In early 1979 months of mass protests, strikes and demonstrations forced Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi to flee Iran, and the exiled cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned to Tehran to lead a new…

Iran Hostage Crisis begins
Tehran, Iran

On November 4, 1979, sixty-six Americans — diplomats and civilian staff — were taken hostage when the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line stormed and occupied the United States Embassy in…

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Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan
Kabul, Afghanistan

This is Kabul, the high-altitude capital of Afghanistan — a landlocked nation sitting in the heart of Asia, where the Hindu Kush mountains divide Central Asia from the Indian subcontinent, east of…

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Sandinista Takeover of Managua
Managua, Nicaragua

Managua, the capital of Nicaragua, sits near the southern shore of a large inland lake at the very heart of Central America — the narrow isthmus that connects North and South America, with the…

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Founding of the Polish Solidarity Trade Union
Gdańsk, Poland

Solidarity, in full the Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity", is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. It emerged from the industrial…

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Reykjavik Summit
Reykjavik, Iceland

Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland, sits on a volcanic island in the North Atlantic — perched just below the Arctic Circle and almost exactly halfway between Greenland to the west and Norway to the…

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Revolutions of 1989
Prague, Czechoslovakia

This is Prague, the capital of Czechoslovakia — a landlocked city in the heart of Central Europe, sitting between the Alps to the south and the arc of the Carpathians to the east, drained by the…

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Fall of the Berlin Wall
Berlin, Germany

This is Berlin, the capital of Germany, sitting in the broad North European Plain between the Rhine basin to the west and the Oder River — the natural boundary with Poland — to the east. On November…

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Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Moscow, Soviet Union

This event unfolded in Moscow, Russia — the capital city sitting on the flat East European Plain, roughly equidistant between the Baltic Sea to the northwest and the Caspian Sea to the southeast, at…

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