AP World Unit 8: Cold War and Decolonization

On 6 April 1930, after a 24-day, 240-mile march from Sabarmati Ashram, Gandhi reached the coastal village of Dandi on the Gulf of Khambhat — an inlet of the Arabian Sea — in what is now Gujarat…

On March 12 1947 President Harry Truman addressed Congress requesting military and economic aid for Greece and Turkey, both threatened by communist movements. He articulated what became known as the…

New Delhi, the capital of India, sits on the broad plains south of the Himalayas, roughly midway across the subcontinent that juts like a triangle into the Indian Ocean between the Arabian Sea and…

Tel Aviv, on the Mediterranean coast of what is now Israel, sits on the narrow strip of land where the Levant's coastal plain meets the eastern edge of the Mediterranean Sea. On May 14, 1948, David…

Pretoria, the administrative capital of South Africa, sits on the Highveld plateau in the far south of the African continent, where the Atlantic and Indian Oceans meet around the Cape of Good Hope…

This is Berlin, the capital of Germany, sitting on the flat North European Plain roughly halfway between the Rhine River to the west and the Polish border to the east. Beginning in June 1948, the…

Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, sits on the eastern seaboard of North America — on the Potomac River's banks, between the Appalachian Mountains to the west and the Atlantic coast…

Washington, D.C., on the eastern seaboard of the United States — sitting between the Potomac River and the Chesapeake Bay lowlands, exactly where the title clue pointed — was where the North Atlantic…

The Korean Peninsula — a finger of land hanging from northeastern Asia between the Yellow Sea to the west and the Sea of Japan to the east — was the battleground of the Korean War, which began in…

This was Nairobi, Kenya — sitting on a high plateau in East Africa, inland from the Indian Ocean, just south of the equator and well south of the Horn of Africa. In October 1952, Britain declared a…

Enewetak Atoll, in the Marshall Islands of the central Pacific Ocean, was the site of the world's first full-scale thermonuclear bomb test on November 1, 1952. The device, codenamed Ivy Mike, was…

Semipalatinsk, in the Soviet Union's Kazakh steppe — a vast flat grassland east of the Ural Mountains that mark the dividing line between Europe and Asia — was the site of the Soviet Union's most…

This is Algiers, the capital of Algeria — a country stretching from the Mediterranean's southern shore deep into the Sahara, directly across the sea from France and Spain. In 1954, the National…

In May 1955, representatives of the Soviet Union and seven other Eastern Bloc socialist republics convened in Warsaw, Poland, to sign the Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance…

This conflict unfolded across Vietnam, a long, S-shaped country on the eastern edge of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia — flanked by the South China Sea to the east and sharing borders with…

Warsaw, the capital of Poland, sits on the Vistula River in the heart of the North European Plain — exactly the flat, open corridor between the Baltic Sea to the north and the Carpathian Mountains…

This was Bandung, a highland city in Indonesia — on the island of Java, sitting between volcanic mountain ranges and the Java Sea, in the world's largest archipelago straddling the equator between…

This speech was delivered in Moscow, the Soviet Union's capital, sitting at the heart of the immense East European Plain — a flat, open expanse stretching from the Baltic coast westward to the Ural…

The launch site is Baikonur Cosmodrome, located in what is now Kazakhstan — a vast, flat, semi-arid steppe basin lying between the Caspian Sea to the west and the former Aral Sea to the east, deep in…

This event unfolded across China — the world's most populous country, occupying the eastern portion of Asia between the Himalayas to the southwest, the Gobi Desert to the north, and the Pacific Ocean…

Moscow, deep in the Soviet Union's interior, sits on the vast East European Plain — the same broad lowland that stretches westward past the Baltic Sea and ends only at the Ural Mountains to the east…

This event unfolded in Léopoldville — today called Kinshasa — the capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, positioned deep in the Congo River basin at the heart of central Africa, exactly as…

This event unfolded in the Dominican Republic, which occupies the eastern two-thirds of Hispaniola — a large Caribbean island lying between Cuba to the west and Puerto Rico to the east, bathed by the…

This was Havana, Cuba — the island nation sitting in the Caribbean Sea just 90 miles south of the Florida peninsula, exactly where those reconnaissance flights detected the missiles. In 1962, U.S…

On 12 December 1963, Kenya became independent from British colonial rule, with Jomo Kenyatta becoming its first Prime Minister and later its first President. Kenya had been a British colony since the…

The Ia Drang Valley sits in the central highlands of Vietnam, a rugged interior region of the Indochina peninsula rising well above the narrow coastal plain that faces the South China Sea. In…

The Cambodian campaign was a series of military operations conducted in eastern Cambodia in mid-1970 by South Vietnam and the United States, undertaken as an expansion of the Vietnam War and the…

This conflict unfolded in Amman, Jordan — a city perched on a highland plateau just east of the Jordan Rift Valley, one of the deepest continental rifts on Earth, where the terrain drops sharply…

The assassination happened at the Cairo Sheraton in Cairo, Egypt — right where the Nile stops being a single river and begins fanning outward into the great triangular delta that gives the word…

Moscow, Russia — a capital set deep on the East European Plain, just west of the Ural Mountains, the ancient ridge dividing Europe from Asia. In May 1972, the United States and Soviet Union signed…

New Delhi, India's capital on the vast Gangetic Plain — sitting just south of the Himalayas and at the heart of the South Asian subcontinent — is exactly where Prime Minister Indira Gandhi declared…

On November 4, 1979, sixty-six Americans — diplomats and civilian staff — were taken hostage when the Muslim Student Followers of the Imam's Line stormed and occupied the United States Embassy in…

In early 1979 months of mass protests, strikes and demonstrations forced Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi to flee Iran, and the exiled cleric Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini returned to Tehran to lead a new…

Managua, the capital of Nicaragua, sits near the southern shore of a large inland lake at the very heart of Central America — the narrow isthmus that connects North and South America, with the…

This is Kabul, the high-altitude capital of Afghanistan — a landlocked nation sitting in the heart of Asia, where the Hindu Kush mountains divide Central Asia from the Indian subcontinent, east of…

Solidarity, in full the Independent Self-Governing Trade Union "Solidarity", is a Polish trade union founded in August 1980 at the Lenin Shipyard in Gdańsk, Poland. It emerged from the industrial…

Beirut, Lebanon's capital on the eastern Mediterranean coast — exactly where the rugged Lebanese mountains tumble down to the sea — was the site of one of the deadliest terrorist attacks in modern…

Reykjavík, the capital of Iceland, sits on a volcanic island in the North Atlantic — perched just below the Arctic Circle and almost exactly halfway between Greenland to the west and Norway to the…

This is Berlin, the capital of Germany, sitting in the broad North European Plain between the Rhine basin to the west and the Oder River — the natural boundary with Poland — to the east. On November…

This is Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China — the immense paved plaza at the symbolic centre of the North China Plain, where the ancient imperial capital sits between the Taihang Mountains to the west…

Panama City, Panama sits on the narrow isthmus that is the only land bridge between North and South America, pinched between the Pacific Ocean to the south and the Caribbean Sea to the north. In…

This event unfolded in Moscow, Russia — the capital city sitting on the flat East European Plain, roughly equidistant between the Baltic Sea to the northwest and the Caspian Sea to the southeast, at…

This is Kigali, the capital of Rwanda — a densely hilled, landlocked country sitting on the high plateau between the Congo basin and the East African Rift Valley, almost exactly at the continent's…